Before Gardening was even introduced in the latter updates of the game, you'll initially be acquainted with Lloid (the swirling cactus) when you get to visit the Shovelstrike Quarry -- as the NPC which is more-likely moderating your access to the quarry itself. Basically, you're doing his request every time you enter the quarry.
Take note though that you'll need something special in order to access this location -- initially, you'd be requesting help from 5 of your friends. If they choose participate (not automated as they need to confirm to this), and lend you help, just then will you be allowed to enter the quarry. Otherwise, you may opt to skip begging for help and pay 20 Leaf Tickets instead.
In return, you may earn valuable stuff inside the quarry by striking at spots which will pique your interest. Rewards will be random of course, but nonetheless valuable.
Items that you get to mine in the quarry are automatically traded by Lloid with Bells and items -- commensurate to the stuff that you've managed to find. Mined items are different and varies from day to day (relies on the daily reset), and at the same time, they are randomly arranged and hidden in the quarry itself.
To mine, you'll basically pick a rock to break, and after breaking it, an ore will drop from it. Stuff to find there are silver, gold, ruby, or different precious stones. To put it simply, the more valuable the ore, the more rewards Lloid will give you in exchange. Of course, the whole activity will reward you depending on your luck. Nonetheless, its a fun alternative to Fishing, bug- catching, and foraging in the game.